![]() ![]() Also, detection as early as possible might prevent negative outcomes for both children (e.g., rejection by peers, harsh treatment by teachers, and inappropriate education) and their parents (e.g., frustration due to being told that there is nothing wrong with their child and not receiving appropriate support Howlin & Asgharian, 1999). A delayed or missed ASD diagnosis has been associated with several factors, such as comorbid classifications (Supekar et al., 2017), the heterogeneity of ASD symptom composition, lower severity of ASD symptoms, lower levels of impairment (e.g., less language/communication deficits, less support needed by the child less parental concern about initial symptoms Daniels & Mandell, 2014), children’s ability to mask symptoms with learned strategies (APA, 2013), and the lack of adequate screening practices (Self et al., 2015). ( 2015) found that 221 children were diagnosed with ASD after the age of 6-even though their initial developmental evaluation (before the age of 6) came out negative for ASD. Also, in their study examining case records of 2,867 children aged 6 to 12 years, who were registered at the Maccabi Child Development Center (MCDC) in Israel, Davidovitch et al. This meant that two-thirds of the ASD cases came from the mainstream population-undiagnosed and untreated. They found an estimated ASD prevalence of 1.89% in the low probability group, as opposed to 0.75% in the high-probability group. ( 2011), who screened for ASD in 55,266 South-Korean children, aged 7 to 12 years, in a sample consisting of both a high-probability group (drawn from a disability registry and special education schools) and a low-probability group (drawn from regular schools). One of the studies supporting this claim was that of Kim et al. ![]() Also, in many of these children, ASD may not be recognized at all. This is illustrated in the review of Daniels and Mandell ( 2014), who found that the median age at which children were diagnosed with Asperger’s disorder ranged from 7.4 to 11.2 years. Delayed ASD diagnosis particularly pertains to children with ASD and cognitive functioning in the normal range, who are frequently diagnosed as late as during middle school. ( 2016) found that the median age at ASD diagnosis in the UK was 4.5 years, which was comparable to the situation in the US. For instance, in their study examining data of 2134 children included in two large family databases, Brett et al. Although ASD symptoms are already identifiable by 18 months of age (Chericoni et al., 2021), the diagnosis is often delayed until elementary school. ![]()
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